The Tongjeyeong Naval Drill Paintings are a series paintings depicting scenes of military exercises conducted on the seas off modern-day Tongyeong by naval forces of Joseon(1392-1910) under Tongjeyeong, the Navy Command Headquarters of three provinces, Chungcheong, Jeolla and Gyeongsang. While there are currently 20 such paintings remaining in Korea, this study focuses on one specific painting housed in the Jinju National Museum under the acquisition number “Deok 2783” which is presumed to be the oldest discovered so far. After the Imjin Wars, which lasted for seven years following the Japanese invasion of 1592, the Joseon government had its naval forces conduct military drills twice a year, every spring and autumn, as recorded in several old military books such as The Orientation to the Military Arts (Byeonghakjinam) and Book of the Military Arts (Byeonghaktong). The painting in the Jinju Museum collection is clearly a copy of the disposition of troops illustrated in the second book, as shown by identical positions and formations of troops captured in the two paintings. Studies on the battleships and ceremonial weapons and colors depicted in the Tongjeyeong Naval Drill painting in the museum’s collection reveal that they correspond to the materials remaining today and to those illustrated in The Revised Battle Formations with Illustrations(Sokbyeongjangdoseol) and Collected Writings of Lord Yi Sun- sin(Ichungmugong Jeonseo).