During the early twentieth century, the reproduction ceramics industry developed in close relation with Korean ceramics collected by the Yi Royal Household Museum. In 1908 and 1909, the museum intensively collected Korean ceramics, and these collections later served as important prototypes for the production of reproduction ceramics. In particular, from 1914 to 1915, the Yi Royal Household Museum conducted surveys of kiln sites throughout Korea and invited the Japanese potter Suwa Sozan(諏訪蘇山) to construct a kiln in the Secret Garden of Changdeokgung Palace and produce Biwon ceramics. This demonstrates that the museum’s collection was used not only for exhibition and research purposes but also as reference material for the production of reproduction ceramics.Afterward, the Government-General of Korea actively fostered the reproduction ceramics industry through the Central Industrial Research Institute and various production workshops. Samhwa Koryŏ Ware, Hanyang Koryŏ Ware, Hallangnyo, Kyeryong Yowŏn, and Hoeryŏngso produced reproduction ceramics based on the collections of the Yi Royal Household Museum and promoted them through the Joseon Art Exhibition. In particular, many employees from these workshops were accepted for exhibition in the crafts section of the exhibition and won special prizes. Furthermore, with the establishment of the Korean Export Crafts Association in 1939, reproduction ceramics became one of the major craft products intended for export to overseas market such as the United States and Europe.Ultimately, the Yi Royal Household Museum’s collection of Korean ceramics became an important foundation for the development of the reproduction ceramics industry and colonial craft policies. The museum’s collection served not only as prototypes for the production of reproduction ceramics, but also as a means of demonstrating the craft production capacity and economic value of colonial Korea.