Since Sakyamuni has achieved complete truth, a good variety of views on Buddhas and Buddha-kayas (佛身) have been unfolded through the entire Buddhist history. There are three Buddha-kayas (佛身) on the Buddhas and it will be classified into Dharma-kaya (法身: Vairocana), Sambhoga-kaya (報身: Locana), Nirmana-kaya (化身: Sakya Tathagata) from Indian Buddhist history.*br* Vairocana (毘盧遮那) as Dharma-kaya (法身) originated from the light of Universe in Zoroastrianism. Locana (盧舍那) as Sambhoga-kaya (報身) is the one who has achieved ultimate reality through the practice of great spiritual perfections. Sakya Tathagata (釋迦佛) as Nirmana-kaya(化身) is a historical figure born to the world as Sidhartha Gotama in order to save mankind.*br* In Northern part of Asia such as China, Korea and Japan, all the views on Buddhas and Buddha-kayas of Buddhism were prosperous with many schools or sects. It is uncertain that the thoughts of Threefold-body of Buddhas were represented into art works in India, but we find that Vairocana was embodied as supreme Buddha in Hua-wen Sect (華嚴宗) of Chinese Buddhism around the mid eighth century. Upon at least the late eighth or early ninth century, Chinese artisans started to make statues of Triratna. In Japan where Esoteric Buddhism was prosperous, they did not make any statues of Three Buddhas.*br* It is not yet defined when the three Buddhas started to be made in Korea. But we estimate that it was about the tenth century. In Chosun (朝鮮) dynasty (1392-1910), Koreans began to create paintings of three assemblies of Buddhas. These pictures are usually been enshrined in the Hall of Light (大寂光殿, 大光明殿) of major temples and as large as ten or fifteen meters.*br* The paintings of three assemblies of Buddhas are mostly from late Chosun dynasty and show stylistic changes in three stages (1636-1727, 1725-1800, 1801-1910). The paintings are classified into three different types according to their compositions. Type I is representative form of the paintings of three assemblies of Buddhas, for it has all three Buddha-kayas(figures 4-8).*br* Type Ⅱ shows double composition of three Buddha-kayas (Vairocana, Locana and Sakya Tathagata) and three Buddhas in three places (Sakya Tathagata, Amitabha and Bhaisaiyaguru). It is said that Type Ⅱ is the result from unifying two different Buddhist doctrines under the repression of Chosun dynasty. Type Ⅱ is usually represented with crossed or triangular compositions (figures 9-11).*br* In type Ⅲ, only one of the three Buddha-kayas is illustrated according to religious requirements. It may represent a) Vairocana as Dharma -kaya(figures 12), b) Locana as Sambhoga-kaya (figures 13-14), or c) Sakya Tathagata as Nirmana-kaya (figures 15-16).*br* The formations of paintings of three assemblies of Buddhas have been developed from simple compositions to complicated ones: three Buddhas with Vairocana at the center or three Buddhas with Vairocana at the rear → three assemblies of Buddhas → double composition of three Buddha-kayas and three Buddhas in three Buddhist places.*br* The paintings of three assemblies of Buddhas examined above represent most beautiful and ideal world of Buddhism and are distinguished artistic embodiment of universal truth of Buddhism as well as one of the most perfect objects to be worshiped.