As foreign legations were established in Jung-gu of Seoul after the Japan-Korea Treaty of Amity, foreigners began to travel to and reside in the area. Later during the Japanese colonial rule, the area became the most thriving business and shopping district, as the leading Japanese companies such as the Joseon Bank and the Oriental Development Company opened their offices there. The excavated porcelain in this area ref lects the characteristics of the foreign travelers and residents, who were rich and powerful. Generally speaking, various kinds of ceramics were excavated in the area including Joseon white porcelain, Japanese porcelain, and Western porcelain. However, the kind of porcelain and the area of its distribution might have changed according to the period. The white porcelain found in the district was mainly made after the late nineteenth century when the quality of white porcelain became lower. In other words, the white porcelain excavated in the sites of Jung-gu illustrates how the variety and quality of object types and techniques for making white porcelain declined after the Bunwon was privatized. This low quality of the white porcelain might be derived from the low standards of living of the Joseon residents in the area or from the higher demand for Japanese porcelain than Joseon white porcelain. Japanese porcelain was excavated in abundance compared to Joseon porcelain. Most of the Japanese porcelain had been produced in Kyushu and Nagoya for export, but some of them were made for domestic consumption. The kinds of items consumed in the area are similar to those in the neighboring Jongno-gu and Seodaemun-gu. Table wares with an inscription such as “Daion seisei” (大音精製), “Kōshun gō sei” (恒春號製) and those with green glaze have been constantly found and other tables wares were also excavated. Some high-quality Japanese porcelain were consumed by the high class. However, popular vessels were supplied in the nearby Namdaemun Market or the state-sanctioned market. In addition, Western porcelain shards collected in Jeongdong Street seem related to the legation, who resided in the district and foreign lodges. The Japanese porcelain excavated in the Jung-gu was different from Joseon white porcelain in terms of their kinds and the quantity of each kind. This is related to the difference between the two countries in their condition in porcelain production. For example, the Japanese porcelain manufactured by machines could not be produced in Korea at that time, so that it was very distinct from late Joseon white porcelain in the Korean market. As Jung-gu was located in the center of the capital Hanyang and close to palaces, governmental offices, and foreign companies, many of the residents in the district were financially and politically powerful figures in various fields. They were the consumers of much of the porcelain excavated in the area, which consequently affected Joseon people and their porcelain production. The sites in Jung-gu are important in that the residents mainly consist of the people who could lead the introduction of a new ceramic culture to Korea.