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A Study on the Characteristics and Production Period of Goryeo Celadon Recovered from the Seabed at Daeseom, Taean

최명지

국립문화재연구소

Published: December 2013 · No. 279·280 · pp. 35-65

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31065/ahak.279280.279280.201312.002

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Abstract

Some 23,000 Goryeo celadon wares have been salvaged from the waters around Taean's Daeseom Island, along with various wooden pieces containing handwritten letters, such as “崔大卿” (pronounced “Choi Dae-gyeong” –“Choi” is a family name and : Dae-gyeong: is the name of a government post) and “辛亥” (pronounced “Sinhae” – referring to the year 1131). It is thought that these items were part of the cargo of a ship sailing from Tamjin (now Gangjin) to Gaegyeong (now Gaeseong). They have come under the spotlight as an important material containing written records about the purchaser of the celadon ware items and the approximate date of the order placed for them. This study includes a comparative analysis concerning the production of celadon wares found at Daeseom Island. First, Celadon wares excavated from waters around Daeseom Island were found to be comparable to those unearthed from the historic site in type of No. 10-II floor in Yongun-ri kiln site. This indicates that the artifacts found at the Daeseom Island date back to a relatively earlier period than those excavated from other sea ruins that are comparable with type of No. 10-II floor in Yongun-ri kiln site, i.e. the early 12th century, under the influence of the Northern Song Dynasty’s Yaozhou Kiln (which was confirmed by comparing them with objects unearthed from kiln sites in China). Lastly, it was ascertained that the personal name marked on salvaged wooden pieces refers to Choi Yong (?~ 1119), a high-ranked official associated with the royal family of Goryeo and a noble Buddhist monk, and that the salvaged items were produced in the first half of the 12th century. After considering all the evidence, we reached the conclusion that the celadon wares excavated from Taean's Daeseom Island were produced in the second quarter of the 12th century.
Keywords: 耽津(Tamjin[現 康津 now Gangjin])開京(Gaegyeong[現 開城 now Gaeseong])耀州窯(Yaozhou Kiln)龍雲里窯址(Yongun-ri Kiln)